3.4 How to deliver IP PACKETs

  1. Basic questions
  2. Network layer, and logical addressing
    • Study all in Network Layer, and Logical Addressing.
    • [Review]
      • Reason why Data Link Layer cannot be used for internetworking.
      • Explain the datagram approach to packet switching.
      • Determine the number of bits used for IPv4 addresses.
      • List the address spaces for 5 IPv4 address classes.
      • Determine the class with a given IPv4 address.
      • Convert a binary number to a dotted-decimal notation, and vice versa.
      • Convert a binary number to a dotted-hexadecimal notation, and vice versa.
      • Determine the network id to which a given address belongs.
      • Determine the number of bits used for IPv6 addresses
  3. Delivery, and IP packet forwarding
    • Study all in Delivery, and IP Packet Forwarding.
    • [Review]
      • List the three next-hop methods for packet forwarding.
      • List the three next-hop methods for packet forwarding.
      • List the four most basic fields in routing entries.
      • Explain step-by-step how a router forwards an IP packet to the next router (or host). You need to use, in the explanation, the terms: destination address, routing table, interface, address of next hop, ARP.
  4. Routing, and routing protocols
    • Study all in Routing, and routing protocols.
    • [Review]
      • Update the routing table after a RIP router receives the routing information from a neighbor RIP router.
      • Understand the motivations of Link State Routing and Path Vector Routing.
  5. Network layer protocols
    • Study all in Network layer protocols.
    • [Review]
      • List 5 issues that IPv4 has to solve.
      • Analyze the packet header of an IPv4 packet, to determine if the packet carries an option.
      • Describe how the tool, called traceroute, can be implemented, using the TTL field in IPv4 packets.
      • Indicate all the fields in an IPv4 packet, that are changed by every router till the packet arrives at the destination.
      • Determine the MTU with a given diagram of networks.
      • List the three advantages of using IPv6.
      • List the three transition strategies from IPv4 to IPv6.
      • Explain how ARP translates an IP address to its corresponding physical address.
      • List three types of error messages supported by ICMP.